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The Parti municipal de Montréal (PMM) (English: Montreal Municipal Party) was a municipal political party in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from 1987 to 1994. ==Emergence (1987–90)== The Parti municipal de Montréal was created in October 1987, when ten people met at a downtown Montreal hotel for its inaugural meeting. Alain André was chosen as the party's leader and its official colours were designated as turquoise and grey. Two months later, the party was officially registered at city hall.〔Lewis Harris, "Upstarts at city hall; Municipal Party wins votes without money or platform," ''Montreal Gazette'', 3 June 1989, B6.〕 The PMM was an obscure organization during its first year, having no official platform and very little money. It first came to the public's attention in April 1989, when André ran in a council by-election in the Sault-au-Recollet ward and finished only twenty-five votes behind the winning candidate, the attorney Serge Sauvageau, a newcomer in politics.〔Gretta Chambers, "Rudderless city hall lets Montreal," ''Montreal Gazette'', 20 April 1989, B3.〕 Two months later, PMM candidate Stavros Zagakos won an upset victory in a by-election in Parc-Extension, in Montreal's Greek neighbourhood.〔Lewis Harris, "Upstarts at city hall; Municipal Party wins votes without money or platform," ''Montreal Gazette'', 3 June 1989, B6.〕 During this period, the Montreal Citizens' Movement (MCM), a party with social democratic origins, was the dominant municipal political force in Montreal. The MCM won a landslide victory in the 1986 election, taking the mayor's office and all but three of the fifty-eight seats on council. The formerly dominant Civic Party of Montreal of Jean Drapeau fell to only one seat; it later gained two more through by-elections and defections but subsequently fell victim to factional infighting. When the PMM emerged as a credible political force, some speculated that it would either merge with or replace the Civic Party to form a united conservative opposition.〔Lewis Harris, "Upstarts at city hall; Municipal Party wins votes without money or platform," ''Montreal Gazette'', 3 June 1989, B6. At least one political observer speculated that the PMM only existed to give Drapeau's former lieutenant Yvon Lamarre a second option for a political vehicle if he failed to gain control of the Civic Party.〕 The PMM's presence on council grew throughout 1989 and 1990. Civic Party councillors Nick Auf der Maur and Serge Sauvageau joined in November 1989, having become estranged from their former party's leadership.〔"Auf der Maur, Sauvageau join Municipal Party," ''Montreal Gazette'', 18 November 1989, A5.〕 Former MCM councillor Frank Venneri also joined in the same month, saying the governing party had "lost the common touch."〔"MCM loses two councillors from its ranks," ''Montreal Gazette'', 1 December 1989, A3. The other former MCM councillor mentioned in the title became an independent.〕 Another former MCM councillor, Pierre Bastien, joined in April 1990. The PMM became the official opposition party through these defections, and Auf der Maur served as the party's leader on council.〔"Montrealers' `everyday concerns' prompted party switch: Bastien," ''Montreal Gazette'', 6 April 1990, A3; David Johnston, "Former Quebec diplomat urged to challenge Dore in race for mayor's seat," ''Montreal Gazette'', 26 April 1990, A3.〕 The PMM and Civic Party held merger talks in 1990, which André broke off after concluding that unity between the parties was impossible. Shortly thereafter, he was formally chosen as the PMM's mayoral candidate for the 1990 municipal election.〔Lewis Harris, "Municipal party chief Andre will be candidate for mayor," ''Montreal Gazette'', 12 May 1990, A3.〕 The party held its first policy convention in August 1990, and supported such measures as tax increase deferrals for the elderly, a requirement for all new city employees to live in Montreal, and the creation of a special by-law enforcement unit.〔Lewis Harris, "Municipal Party gears up to talk policy; Delegates hammer out platform at convention today," ''Montreal Gazette'', 26 August 1990, A3.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parti municipal de Montréal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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